航空航天市场研究

The aeronautics industry is a main contributor to national security, commerce, and transportation. It is considered as a technology driver that leads to spin-offs of advanced technology products and comprised of three major sectors: airframe, engine, and equipment.

The market is composed of civil aeronautics of aircraft used for domestic commerce and civilian air transport, and military aeronautics includes air arms for the military aviation of countries.

美国航空航天市场

Since World War II, U.S. aircraft, engines, and parts have dominated the domestic and foreign markets for subsonic transports, general aviation, commuter, and military aircraft. US technology and products are also the drivers for the development of global transportation infrastructure like airports and air traffic management systems.

目前，航空业是美国贸易平衡中最大的积极贡献者，在维护全球航空旅行的安全与便捷方面发挥着至关重要的作用，为保卫美国利益做出了重要贡献，飞越了世界上最偏远的地区。

波音公司

The Boeing Company is one of the largest manufacturers of commercial jetliners and military aircraft. It designs and manufactures rotorcraft, electronic and defense systems, missiles, satellites, launch vehicles, and advanced information and communication systems, and operates Space Shuttle and International Space Station for NASA, and provides military and commercial airline support services. It operates in more than 90 countries around the world and is one of the largest U.S. exporters in terms of sales.

Boeing is headquartered in Chicago and employs more than 160,000 people across the United States and in 70 countries. Currently, it is expanding product lines and services developing more commercial airplanes, military platforms, defense systems, and the war fighter through network-centric operations; creating advanced technology solutions that reach across business units; e-enabling airplanes and providing connectivity on moving platforms; and arranging financing solutions for our customers.

欧洲航空航天市场

The region is presently struggling to keep pace with the strong increase in mobility and demand. However, the region is the main competitor of the US in terms of air travel over medium and long-haul routes. EU states are now increasing their funding to support and fund research initiatives to meet market demands and grab potential opportunities in the industry.

空中客车公司
空中客车公司是一家领先的飞机制造商，提供的产品线包括从 100 座单通道 A318 喷气式客机到 525 座 A380（现役最大的民用客机）。

空中客车公司已将业务拓展到军用运输机领域，空中客车军用公司管理下生产的 A400M 多用途军用运输机从 2009 年开始取代老化的 C-130 大力神和 C-160 运输机机队。此外，A310 和 A330 衍生机型还配备了用于空中加油和运输任务的空中加油机。

新兴技术

航空领域的近期研究重点领域包括纳米技术、开发测试和评估、网络中心战、智能系统和环境航空运输。

能源优化的飞机和设备系统
Air craft technologies are related to the design and integration of energy-consuming Aircraft Equipment Systems (AES). These systems are located under the floor, inside wings, and behind panels, essentially ensuring performance, safety, and controllability.

新的飞机配置推进了可用组件和这些系统的集成，从而为以下方面提高效率提供了可能性：

• 环境控制和热管理的各个方面
• 飞行控制作动防冰防雨
• 起落架和刹车
• Electrical, hydraulic, and pneumatic generation and distribution
• 辅助和应急发电
• 飞机燃油系统
• 引擎支持
• 照明、客舱和水/废物

纳米技术

航空工业的活跃研究领域包括纳米设备和系统、纳米电子学、纳米制造、纳米材料、纳米传感器以及纳米技术的环境、健康和安全方面。当前的研究活动包括结合多种“纳米”学科以创造纳米技术的新协同应用的能力。

美国国家纳米技术计划认为纳米技术有潜力带来大量创新，特别是在材料/结构和航空领域的智能生物纳米材料领域。
环境航空运输

清洁天空联合技术计划将汇集欧洲研发利益相关者，共同开发绿色飞行器设计、发动机和系统，以最大限度地减少未来航空运输系统对环境的影响。

Technologies will directly aim for the reduction of the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by air transport, cutting specific emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) by 80% and decreasing noise levels. The targets reflect the Ultra Green High Level Target Concepts developed by the Advisory Council for Aeronautical Research in Europe (ACARE). Other focus areas include the reduction of soot, water vapour, and particulate emissions through alternative fuels; aircraft engine configurations, intelligent low-weight structures, improved aerodynamic efficiency, airport operations, and air traffic management as well as manufacturing and recycling processes.

亚洲航空航天市场

Relative to Europe and the Americas, Asia’s security situation is increasingly fluid.  Emerging superpowers, weapons proliferation and nuclear tensions are key movements in the defense industry.

Increased nuclearization among Emerging Markets, particularly China, India, Pakistan, and Iran, has created geopolitical tensions and new demands for defense offerings.  Meanwhile, political calls are growing in developed nations for collaborative efforts toward reduced nuclearization.

Conversely, weapons imports have grown dramatically in Southeast Asia over the past few years.  Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia are leading the growth with triple and double-digit growth in weapons imports.

In addition, defense budgets in Asia are on the rise.  The rise is being led by regional tensions and a desire for more sophisticated technologies.  Recently China has publicly announced its advanced capabilities to destroy ballistic missiles and demonstrated its defense capabilities in space.

Analysts expect increased demand from Asian governments.  Asian companies may continue collaboration with established defense companies primarily in developed nations for cutting-edge weapons development.

Western aerospace and defense giants have emphasized their offerings of unmanned systems, aircraft, energy systems and cyber technology to, what industry giants consider one of their most important markets.  While leadership in the defense industry is led by developed nations, industry observers are increasingly curious when Asia will be able to take a greater role in developing weaponry on a larger, more self-sufficient scale.

 

行业问题

安全和生活质量

September 11, 2001 has shown the vulnerability of the air transportation system and the need for improved security. The long-term trend of growing numbers of commercial air operations demands a further reduction in the currently low rate of air transport accidents. Aviation safety and security pose numerous challenges to security personnel, operators, and aircraft designers. The public and aircrews must be protected both in the air and on the ground from danger and injury.
劳动力

A serious problem facing the U.S. aeronautics industry is attracting, educating, and retaining the next generation of aeronautical engineers. The aerospace workforce is aging, and a significant number of people are nearing retirement.

商业部门生产工人的平均年龄为 44 岁，国防部门为 53 岁，NASA 为 51 岁。此外，30 岁或以下工人的比例下降了近三分之二，从 1987 年的 18% 下降到 1999 年的 6.4%。人们越来越担心，目前教育“管道”中的学生数量不足以满足航空业未来的需求。