{"id":12250,"date":"2008-09-01T23:11:00","date_gmt":"2008-09-01T23:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sisinternational.com\/setting-up-a-business-in-turkey\/"},"modified":"2025-09-15T22:45:50","modified_gmt":"2025-09-16T02:45:50","slug":"unternehmensgrundung-in-der-turkei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sisinternational.com\/de\/unternehmensgrundung-in-der-turkei\/","title":{"rendered":"Unternehmensgr\u00fcndung in der T\u00fcrkei"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Von Nese Yahya, Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrerin von Expatia<\/h4>\n

Der rechtliche Rahmen<\/h4>\n

Starting a business in a new country is challenging, as it is everywhere. As a foreigner, if you intend to set up a business in Turkey, you first have to look at and get familiarized with the Foreign Direct Investment Law (No: 4875), which was introduced in Turkey in 2003. The most important principles introduced by this law are those of non-discrimination and equal treatment, as they set the legal framework of the liberal investment environment in Turkey.<\/p>\n

Nach dem Gesetz \u00fcber ausl\u00e4ndische Direktinvestitionen sind die Voraussetzungen und Pflichten f\u00fcr die Gr\u00fcndung eines Unternehmens mit ausl\u00e4ndischem Kapital mit denen f\u00fcr einheimische Unternehmen identisch. Folglich entfallen nun die verschiedenen Genehmigungspflichten, die in der Vergangenheit bei der Gr\u00fcndung eines Unternehmens mit ausl\u00e4ndischem Kapital erforderlich waren. Unternehmen, die nach den Regeln des t\u00fcrkischen Handelsgesetzbuchs mit ausl\u00e4ndischem Kapital gegr\u00fcndet werden, gelten als t\u00fcrkische Unternehmen. Daher sind alle Pflichten und Verantwortlichkeiten unabh\u00e4ngig von der Art der Kapitalbeschaffung des Unternehmens identisch.<\/p>\n

Additionally, within the new FDI law, there are no rules requiring Turkish participation in the capital or management<\/a> of a company with foreign capital. A company may be established with 100% foreign capital, and almost all sectors are open to foreign capital. The company’s establishment procedures have also been simplified to a great extent. Now, with the efficient procedures, a company’s registration and establishment of a company in Turkey can be completed in as little as one day. Companies must submit a standard form at one location and will not need to submit applications to many authorities for approvals. Also, the law provides that it is no longer mandatory to establish either a limited liability company or joint stock company. These are all important points to be taken into consideration by foreign investors who plan to do business in Turkey.<\/p>\n

In der Praxis<\/h4>\n

If you are opening a company in Turkey, you basically have a couple of options. For instance you can open a liaison office. To undertake this route however, it is important to keep in mind that there should not be any commercial activities on behalf of this company; basically, it is not possible to issue invoices from a liaison office. Another alternative is to open a branch of a foreign company. To pursue this alternative, you need to get permission form the Ministry of Industry and Trade in Ankara, and it is possible to undertake commercial activities. Otherwise, you can set up a limited company or set-up a joint stock company. For the former, you need a minimum capital of 5.000 YTL and minimum two shareholders, all of whom can be foreigners, if necessary. For the latter, a minimum capital of YTL 50.000 is required and the number of founding shareholders should be at least five. For both options, the shareholder liability is limited to the capital paid by each shareholder. It is also feasible to transfer shares from an already established company, and thus become a shareholder.<\/p>\n

Was die Besch\u00e4ftigung von ausl\u00e4ndischem Personal in einem Unternehmen in der T\u00fcrkei betrifft, so ist dies m\u00f6glich. Ausl\u00e4nder, die in der T\u00fcrkei leben und arbeiten m\u00f6chten, m\u00fcssen jedoch eine Arbeitserlaubnis vom Ministerium f\u00fcr Arbeit und soziale Sicherheit einholen und gleichzeitig eine Aufenthaltserlaubnis vom Innenministerium bzw. der \u00f6rtlichen Polizeidirektion erhalten. Das Verfahren zur Erlangung einer Arbeitserlaubnis ist jedoch recht kompliziert und schwierig.<\/p>\n

Investieren in der T\u00fcrkei<\/h4>\n

“Invest in Turkey”, is a governmental agency, that aims to assist foreign investors in their business ventures in Turkey and provide data and information on the business climate in our country. If you are planning considerable investment in Turkey, it is advised to get in touch with the agency established under the Undersecretariat of Treasury and be active in this environment for several years.<\/p>\n

According to the data provided by the agency, around 15.000 companies with foreign capital are in operation in Turkey, as of end of 2006. The majority of them are in wholesale and retail trade, as well as manufacturing. Half of these companies are set up by nationals or entities of the EU Member countries, while Germany, the UK, and the Netherlands are the leading countries in the group of foreign investors.<\/p>\n

Below are some useful links worth exploring if you are really into setting up a business in Turkey.<\/p>\n

Gewerkschaften und Organisationen<\/strong><\/p>\n